Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 42
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
to bring in new ideas or new ways of doing things
नवाचार करना
Usage
Companies must innovate to stay ahead.
ISRO keeps innovating to cut the cost of launches.
Common mistake
Edison innovated the light bulb in 1879.
Edison invented the light bulb in 1879.
Invent: make the first one; innovate: improve it.
Remember: Innovate: in with the new.
to mention a law, rule or person to support what you say
हवाला देना, आह्वान करना
Usage
The MP invoked Gandhi's words in her speech.
He invoked his right to remain silent.
Common mistake
The police evoked the new law to stop the rally.
The police invoked the new law to stop the rally.
You invoke a law; a memory is evoked.
Remember: Invoke: call in a rule to help you.
in a straight line, or going step by step
रैखिक, सीधा
Usage
Metres and feet are linear measurements.
The film tells its story in a linear way.
Common mistake
Sales grew linear this year.
Sales grew linearly this year.
Use the adverb linearly with a verb.
Remember: Linear: follow the line.
cut low at the neck, showing part of the chest
गहरे गले वाला
Usage
Her mother said the blouse was too low-cut for the temple.
The shop sells low-cut and high-neck kurtas.
Common mistake
The dress was low cut and sleeveless.
The dress was low-cut and sleeveless.
Write low-cut with a hyphen.
Remember: Low-cut: the neckline is cut low.
with special powers, or wonderful and exciting
जादुई
Usage
The old man gave the boy a magical lamp.
The Taj Mahal looks magical by moonlight.
Common mistake
He did a magical trick at the party.
He did a magic trick at the party.
We say a magic trick; magical means wonderful.
Remember: Magic is the trick; magical is the feeling.
behaving in a sensible, grown-up way
परिपक्व, समझदार
Usage
Riya is only twelve but very mature for her age.
Taking a gap year was a mature decision.
Common mistake
He is mature than his elder brother.
He is more mature than his elder brother.
Say more mature, not mature than.
Remember: Mature: grown up in mind.
to join together and become one
विलय होना, मिलना
Usage
At Prayagraj, the Ganga and the Yamuna merge.
The two banks will merge next year.
Common mistake
Our class merged together with the other section.
Our class merged with the other section.
Merge already means together; say merge with.
Remember: Merge: two lanes become one.
a large, angry crowd that may turn violent
उग्र भीड़
Usage
An angry mob gathered outside the factory gates.
The police calmed the mob before it turned violent.
Common mistake
A peaceful mob sang songs at the festival.
A peaceful crowd sang songs at the festival.
A mob is angry; a crowd can be calm.
Remember: Mob: a crowd that has lost control.
boring because it never changes
नीरस, एकरस
Usage
Typing the same figures all day is monotonous.
The lecturer spoke in a monotonous voice.
Common mistake
The job became a monotonous after a year.
The job became monotonous after a year.
Monotonous is an adjective; drop the 'a'.
Remember: Mono-tone: one tone, all day.
not taking enough care, so harm can happen
लापरवाह
Usage
The hospital was found negligent in the patient's care.
A negligent driver caused the crash.
Common mistake
The officer was negligible about safety checks.
The officer was negligent about safety checks.
Negligible means very small; negligent means careless.
Remember: Negligent: neglects the duty.