Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 41
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
something done after, to continue or check on a thing
अनुवर्ती कार्य
Usage
The doctor asked me to come back for a follow-up next week.
The company's new app is a follow-up to its first hit.
Common mistake
I will follow-up with the bank tomorrow.
I will follow up with the bank tomorrow.
The verb is two words; follow-up is the noun.
Remember: Hyphen for the thing, a space for the action.
making you annoyed because you cannot do something
निराशाजनक, खिझाने वाला
Usage
Waiting two hours for the bus was frustrating.
It is frustrating when the Wi-Fi keeps dropping.
Common mistake
I am very frustrating with this slow laptop.
I am very frustrated with this slow laptop.
The laptop is frustrating; you feel frustrated.
Remember: -ing for the cause, -ed for the feeling.
great fame and honour from doing something special
गौरव, महिमा
Usage
The team came home in glory after the World Cup.
Sachin's hundredth century was his moment of glory.
Common mistake
She worked hard for the glorious of her school.
She worked hard for the glory of her school.
Glory is the noun; glorious is the adjective.
Remember: Glory: the gold after the hard work.
an offensive swear word that shows anger
गाली, अपशब्द (गुस्से में)
Usage
In the film, the angry driver shouts, 'Goddamn traffic!'
Avoid goddamn: many people find it offensive.
Common mistake
She wrote 'goddamn good work' in her report.
She wrote 'really good work' in her report.
Goddamn is swearing; never use it in formal writing.
Remember: Hear it in films; never use it in exams.
a brother who shares only one parent with you
सौतेला भाई
Usage
Ravi and his half-brother have the same father.
My half-brother lives with his mother in Pune.
Common mistake
My half brother is visiting us this week.
My half-brother is visiting us this week.
Write it with a hyphen.
Remember: Half-brother: one parent in common.
a sister who shares only one parent with you
सौतेली बहन
Usage
Meera and her half-sister share the same mother.
Her half-sister is ten years younger.
Common mistake
Tara is my step-sister: we have the same mother.
Tara is my half-sister: we have the same mother.
A step-sister shares no parent; a half-sister shares one.
Remember: Half-sister: one parent in common.
a very tall building with many floors
बहुमंज़िला इमारत
Usage
Many families in Mumbai live in high-rises.
A new high-rise is coming up near the station.
Common mistake
They live on the twentieth floor of a high-raise.
They live on the twentieth floor of a high-rise.
It is spelt rise, as in rise up.
Remember: A high-rise rises high.
giving practical steps for doing something
करने का तरीका बताने वाला
Usage
I fixed the tap with a how-to video on YouTube.
Her blog has how-to guides for cooking rice.
Common mistake
This how to guide explains tax returns.
This how-to guide explains tax returns.
Before a noun, write how-to with a hyphen.
Remember: How-to: the steps, one by one.
with no limit or end
अनंत, असीम
Usage
Some scientists think the universe is infinite.
My grandmother has infinite patience with children.
Common mistake
The infinite of the night sky amazed us.
The infinity of the night sky amazed us.
Infinite is the adjective; infinity is the noun.
Remember: Infinite: no finish.
clever and original, in a way that solves a problem
बुद्धिमत्तापूर्ण, चतुर
Usage
A Kota student built an ingenious filter from old bottles.
The jugaad cooler was an ingenious idea.
Common mistake
He is so ingenuous: he solved it in a minute.
He is so ingenious: he solved it in a minute.
Ingenuous means innocent; ingenious means clever.
Remember: Ingenious has a genius inside.