Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 43
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
in spite of
के बावजूद
Usage
The final went ahead, the heavy rain notwithstanding.
Notwithstanding the late start, the train arrived on time.
Common mistake
Notwithstanding of the cost, we bought the flat.
Notwithstanding the cost, we bought the flat.
Notwithstanding takes no 'of'.
Remember: Notwithstanding: it did not stand in the way.
a power socket, or a shop that sells one brand
सॉकेट; बिक्री केंद्र
Usage
Plug the charger into the outlet near the bed.
The brand has a new outlet in the mall.
Common mistake
Please outlet the fan before cleaning it.
Please unplug the fan before cleaning it.
Outlet is a noun, not a verb.
Remember: Outlet: where power or goods come out.
the people who work for an organisation
कर्मचारी, कार्मिक
Usage
All army personnel must report by six o'clock.
Medical personnel reached the site within minutes.
Common mistake
The personal department hired ten new clerks.
The personnel department hired ten new clerks.
Personal means private; personnel are staff.
Remember: Personnel: the people on the payroll.
a small sticky note that comes off easily
चिपकने वाली छोटी पर्ची
Usage
She stuck a post-it on the fridge: buy milk.
My desk is covered in yellow post-its.
Common mistake
I wrote it on a post it and lost it.
I wrote it on a post-it and lost it.
Write post-it with a hyphen.
Remember: Post-it: post it anywhere, peel it off.
someone who works in a profession, like a doctor
चिकित्सक, व्यवसायी
Usage
The village has only one medical practitioner.
Yoga practitioners meet in the park every morning.
Common mistake
He is a practisioner of Ayurveda.
He is a practitioner of Ayurveda.
It is spelt practi-tioner.
Remember: A practitioner practises a profession.
mostly; mainly
मुख्य रूप से
Usage
The festival crowd was predominantly young.
Punjab is a predominantly farming state.
Common mistake
The audience was predominant women.
The audience was predominantly women.
Use the adverb predominantly here.
Remember: Predominantly: mostly, in the main.
coming first, before the main part
प्रारंभिक
Usage
The police began a preliminary inquiry into the fire.
She cleared the UPSC preliminary exam on her first try.
Common mistake
The preliminary round will come after the final.
The preliminary round will come before the final.
Preliminary means first, before the main event.
Remember: Pre-: it comes before.
getting a lot done, or giving good results
उत्पादक, फलदायी
Usage
After a productive meeting, we agreed on a plan.
I am most productive early in the morning.
Common mistake
The meeting was very production.
The meeting was very productive.
Production is the noun; productive is the adjective.
Remember: Productive: it produces results.
very easy to notice
स्पष्ट, उल्लेखनीय
Usage
The biryani had a pronounced smell of cardamom.
There is a pronounced change in her handwriting.
Common mistake
There was a pronounce change in her mood.
There was a pronounced change in her mood.
Use the adjective pronounced, with -ed.
Remember: Pronounced: so clear you could say it aloud.
without being affected by something
परवाह किए बिना
Usage
The procession went ahead regardless of the weather.
Everyone can apply, regardless of age.
Common mistake
Irregardless of the rain, we went out.
Regardless of the rain, we went out.
Irregardless is not standard English.
Remember: Regardless: without regard to it.