Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 59
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
a good quality that deserves praise
योग्यता, गुण
Usage
Arjun's story was judged a work of great merit.
Admission is given purely on merit.
Common mistake
She got the seat by merit.
She got the seat on merit.
We say on merit.
Remember: Merit: you earned it.
a factory; or a machine that grinds grain
मिल, चक्की
Usage
The old cotton mill by the river is now a museum.
Grandma takes wheat to the flour mill every month.
Common mistake
The mil in our town makes paper.
The mill in our town makes paper.
Mill is spelt with two l's.
Remember: Mill: where grain or cotton is worked.
giving a wrong idea, often on purpose
भ्रामक
Usage
'100% selection guaranteed' is a misleading claim.
The map was misleading, and we got lost.
Common mistake
The advert was misleaded.
The advert was misleading.
Misleading describes the advert; misled is what happens to you.
Remember: Misleading: points you the wrong way.
in a way that both sides share
पारस्परिक रूप से
Usage
India and Japan signed a mutually beneficial deal.
The date was mutually agreed by both families.
Common mistake
Both teams mutually agreed each other.
Both teams mutually agreed.
Mutually already means each other; don't repeat it.
Remember: Mutually: both sides, together.
making something neutral or no longer harmful
निष्प्रभावीकरण, तटस्थीकरण
Usage
Antacids work by the neutralization of stomach acid.
A treaty led to the neutralization of Belgium.
Common mistake
The neutralize of the acid took a minute.
The neutralization of the acid took a minute.
Neutralize is the verb; neutralization is the noun.
Remember: Neutralization: taking away the harm.
twelve o'clock in the middle of the day
दोपहर
Usage
The village shops close at noon on Saturdays.
The train reaches Delhi by noon.
Common mistake
Let's meet in the noon.
Let's meet at noon.
Say at noon, or in the afternoon.
Remember: Noon: the clock's hands meet at twelve.
working and ready to use; about how things run
चालू, परिचालन
Usage
The new metro line will be fully operational by December.
The airline cut its operational costs.
Common mistake
The new hospital is operational since May.
The new hospital has been operational since May.
With since, use has been.
Remember: Operational: up, running, ready.
spoken, not written; also, of the mouth
मौखिक
Usage
The Hindi course ends with an oral exam.
Brushing twice a day is good for oral health.
Common mistake
The teacher gave us an aural test; we had to speak.
The teacher gave us an oral test; we had to speak.
Oral is spoken; aural is about hearing.
Remember: Oral: from the mouth, not the pen.
your general attitude to life or the future
दृष्टिकोण
Usage
Despite her problems, she has a positive outlook.
The weather outlook for the weekend is sunny.
Common mistake
She has a positive outlook about life.
She has a positive outlook on life.
Say outlook on life.
Remember: Outlook: how you look ahead.
the start or beginning of something
आरंभ, शुरुआत
Usage
It was clear from the outset that it would be hard.
At the outset, let me thank the organisers.
Common mistake
From the onset, the plan was clear.
From the outset, the plan was clear.
Outset means start; onset is the start of something bad.
Remember: Outset: right at the start.