English Grammar · Episode 1 · Parts of Speech
Pick the English-only version or the Hindi version (English lesson with Hindi meanings) above; the video keeps your place when you switch.
In teaching order, as in the video.
the idea
Word classes, sorted by the job a word does
शब्द-भेद: वाक्य में काम के आधार पर शब्दों के वर्ग
Examples
English has eight parts of speech.
The job a word does in the sentence decides its part of speech.
Remember: Find the word's job, and you find its part of speech.
naming word
Names a person, place, animal, thing or idea
संज्ञा: व्यक्ति, स्थान, वस्तु या विचार का नाम
Examples
Delhi is the capital of India.
The children played cricket after school.
Remember: If you can put 'a' or 'the' before it, it is often a noun.
replaces a noun
Stands in for a noun, so we don't repeat it
सर्वनाम: संज्ञा के स्थान पर आने वाला शब्द
Examples
Riya missed the bus, so she took an auto.
Ravi called, and I told him the news.
Common mistake
Me and Ravi went to the market.
Ravi and I went to the market.
Use I for the doer, and name yourself last.
Remember: A pronoun saves you from saying the noun again.
describing word
Describes a noun: what kind, which or how many
विशेषण: संज्ञा की विशेषता बताने वाला शब्द
Examples
Riya wore a red saree to the wedding.
We waited two hours for the late train.
Common mistake
My sister is more taller than me.
My sister is taller than me.
Don't add 'more' to an -er adjective.
Remember: An adjective answers: what kind, which one, how many?
action or state
Shows an action, or a state of being
क्रिया: कोई काम करना या होना बताने वाला शब्द
Examples
The train leaves at six every morning.
Grandpa is happy with his new phone.
Common mistake
He don't like cold coffee.
He doesn't like cold coffee.
With he, she or it, use doesn't.
Remember: Every full sentence needs a verb.
how, when, where
Adds to a verb, an adjective or another adverb
क्रिया-विशेषण: क्रिया या विशेषण के बारे में बताने वाला शब्द
Examples
Please drive slowly near the school.
The paper was very easy this year.
Common mistake
She sings beautiful.
She sings beautifully.
To describe how someone does something, use the adverb.
Remember: Many adverbs end in -ly: quickly, softly, happily.
shows relation
Links a noun to other words: place, time, way
पूर्वसर्ग: स्थान, समय या संबंध बताने वाला शब्द
Examples
The keys are on the table.
We reached the station before nine.
Common mistake
He is good in maths.
He is good at maths.
We are good at a subject, not in it.
Remember: A preposition comes before a noun or pronoun.
joining word
Joins words, phrases or sentences
समुच्चयबोधक: शब्दों या वाक्यों को जोड़ने वाला शब्द
Examples
Tea and biscuits are ready.
I stayed at home because it was raining.
Common mistake
Although it rained, but we played.
Although it rained, we played.
Use although or but, never both.
Remember: And, but, or, so, because: they join.
feeling word
Shows a sudden feeling, often with !
विस्मयादिबोधक: अचानक खुशी, दुख या आश्चर्य बताने वाला शब्द
Examples
Wow! What a catch!
Oops! I dropped my phone.
Remember: An interjection stands apart from the rest of the sentence.
one sentence
One sentence can hold all eight parts of speech
आठों एक साथ: एक ही वाक्य में आठों शब्द-भेद
Examples
A tiny seed travels with the wind.
And, yes, it sometimes grows.
Remember: Ask of each word: what job is it doing here?