Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 51
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
the time in the morning when light first appears
भोर, सुबह
Usage
We left the ghats before dawn to watch the sunrise.
Farmers in Punjab work from dawn to dusk.
Common mistake
We reached Shimla in the dawn.
We reached Shimla at dawn.
We say at dawn, not in the dawn.
Remember: Dawn: the day's first light.
tricking someone into believing something false
धोखा, छल
Usage
The fake job agency used deception to collect fees.
Magic shows depend on clever deception.
Common mistake
He was punished for his deceive.
He was punished for his deception.
Deceive is the verb; deception is the noun.
Remember: Deception: making a lie look true.
a setting a phone or computer uses unless you change it
डिफ़ॉल्ट, पूर्वनिर्धारित
Usage
The default language on Ravi's phone was English.
The team won by default when the other side didn't come.
Common mistake
The app opens in English on default.
The app opens in English by default.
We say by default, not on default.
Remember: Default: what happens if you do nothing.
protecting against attack, or quick to defend yourself
रक्षात्मक
Usage
Golconda Fort had thick defensive walls.
Ravi gets defensive when we mention his marks.
Common mistake
Don't be so defence about your mistake.
Don't be so defensive about your mistake.
Defence is a noun; defensive is the adjective.
Remember: Defensive: walls up, ready to protect.
a lack of something that is needed
कमी, अभाव
Usage
Meena's tiredness was caused by iron deficiency.
Many office workers have a vitamin D deficiency.
Common mistake
He has a deficient of vitamin B12.
He has a deficiency of vitamin B12.
Deficient is an adjective; use the noun deficiency.
Remember: Deficiency: not enough of what you need.
a group of people sent to represent others
प्रतिनिधिमंडल
Usage
A farmers' delegation met the Agriculture Minister.
The Prime Minister led a trade delegation to Japan.
Common mistake
A delegate of ten teachers met the minister.
A delegation of ten teachers met the minister.
A delegate is one person; a delegation is the group.
Remember: Delegation: a team that speaks for many.
a short show of how something works
प्रदर्शन, डेमो
Usage
The salesperson gave us a quick demo of the phone.
Book a free demo class before you join.
Common mistake
Can you demo me how this app works?
Can you give me a demo of this app?
You give someone a demo; you don't demo a person.
Remember: Demo: see it work before you buy.
an evil spirit in stories and religion
राक्षस, दानव
Usage
Durga Puja celebrates Durga's victory over a demon.
Before exams, Arjun works like a demon.
Common mistake
The film's villain was a deamon.
The film's villain was a demon.
It is spelt d-e-m-o-n.
Remember: Demon: the monster in the story.
saying that something is not true
इनकार, खंडन
Usage
The minister issued a firm denial of the bribe story.
He is in denial about his health problem.
Common mistake
The actor denial the rumours.
The actor denied the rumours.
Denial is a noun; the verb is deny, denied.
Remember: Denial: a loud 'that's not true!'
thick and hard to see or move through
घना
Usage
Flights from Delhi were late because of dense fog.
The tiger vanished into the dense forest.
Common mistake
Mumbai is a dense populated city.
Mumbai is a densely populated city.
Use the adverb densely before populated.
Remember: Dense: too thick to see through.