Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 39
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
a strong belief; or a court finding someone guilty
दृढ़ विश्वास; दोषसिद्धि
Usage
Meera spoke with such conviction that the class believed her.
The court's conviction of the official came after three years.
Common mistake
She said it with convince, so we believed her.
She said it with conviction, so we believed her.
Convince is the verb; after with, use the noun conviction.
Remember: Conviction: you are convinced, deep down.
dishonest behaviour by people in power, like bribes
भ्रष्टाचार
Usage
The new app helps citizens report corruption.
The officer was arrested on corruption charges.
Common mistake
There is a lot of corrupt in the department.
There is a lot of corruption in the department.
Corrupt is the adjective; the noun is corruption.
Remember: Corruption: power that has gone rotten.
caring too much about pleasure and luxury
पतनशील, विलासी
Usage
The film shows the decadent lifestyle of the rich.
Gulab jamun with ice cream is a decadent dessert.
Common mistake
The family lived a decadent life of hard work and saving.
The family lived a simple life of hard work and saving.
Decadent means too much luxury, not hard work.
Remember: Decadent: decay through too much luxury.
giving a lot of time and energy to something
समर्पित
Usage
Our dedicated teacher stays late to help weak students.
She is dedicated to helping street children.
Common mistake
He is dedicated to help the poor.
He is dedicated to helping the poor.
Here to is a preposition, so use -ing: dedicated to helping.
Remember: Dedicated: you give it your all.
how closely packed something is; mass per volume
घनत्व
Usage
Mumbai has a very high population density.
Iron sinks because its density is higher than water's.
Common mistake
The dense of the population here is very high.
The density of the population here is very high.
Dense is the adjective; the noun is density.
Remember: Density: how dense, how tightly packed.
having two parts, uses or sides
दोहरा
Usage
My dual-SIM phone holds two numbers.
The actor plays a dual role in the film.
Common mistake
The two heroes fought a dual with swords.
The two heroes fought a duel with swords.
A duel is a fight between two; dual means double.
Remember: Dual: double, two in one.
two people who perform or work together
जोड़ी
Usage
The music duo Vishal and Shekhar wrote the song.
The opening duo scored a hundred runs together.
Common mistake
The duo of three singers won the show.
The trio of three singers won the show.
A duo is two people; three is a trio.
Remember: Duo: two, like a duet.
taken from many different styles or sources
विविध, सारग्राही
Usage
Her eclectic playlist has folk, jazz and Bollywood.
The café has an eclectic mix of old and new furniture.
Common mistake
He has eclectic taste: he listens only to one singer.
He has narrow taste: he listens only to one singer.
Eclectic means many different kinds, not one.
Remember: Eclectic: you elect a little from everywhere.
how well something works and gives the result wanted
प्रभावशीलता
Usage
Doctors tested the effectiveness of the new vaccine.
The effectiveness of the campaign surprised everyone.
Common mistake
The effective of the medicine is very high.
The effectiveness of the medicine is very high.
Effective is the adjective; the noun is effectiveness.
Remember: Effectiveness: does it have the effect you want?
giving hope or confidence
उत्साहजनक
Usage
The first test results are very encouraging.
Her coach's encouraging words gave her confidence.
Common mistake
I felt very encouraging after the coach praised me.
I felt very encouraged after the coach praised me.
You feel encouraged; the news or words are encouraging.
Remember: Encouraging: it gives you courage.