Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 32
This episode is in English.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
risking money on a game or result to try to win more
जुआ
Usage
Rohan lost his savings to online gambling.
Many states have laws against gambling on cricket.
Common mistake
He was arrested for gamble on the IPL final.
He was arrested for gambling on the IPL final.
After for, we use the -ing form: gambling.
Remember: Gambling: a game where you bet and usually lose.
a toothed wheel that changes a vehicle's speed
गियर
Usage
Change to a lower gear when you climb a hill.
My bicycle has seven gears.
Common mistake
Start the car on first gear.
Start the car in first gear.
A vehicle is in a gear, not on a gear.
Remember: Gear: teeth that turn and change your speed.
the planned killing of a whole national or ethnic group
नरसंहार
Usage
The United Nations calls genocide a crime against humanity.
Historians study how the 1994 genocide in Rwanda happened.
Common mistake
The flood was a genocide that killed many people.
The flood was a disaster that killed many people.
Genocide is a planned crime by people, not a natural event.
Remember: Geno (a people) + cide (killing).
the way a country or organisation is run
शासन-व्यवस्था, प्रशासन
Usage
Voters want clean and honest governance.
E-governance lets citizens pay bills online.
Common mistake
The governance of Maharashtra met the Prime Minister.
The Governor of Maharashtra met the Prime Minister.
Governance is a system; a governor is a person.
Remember: Governance: how a government governs.
the force that pulls things towards the earth
गुरुत्वाकर्षण
Usage
Gravity pulls the ripe mango down from the tree.
Astronauts float because there is almost no gravity in orbit.
Common mistake
He did not understand the gravitation of the situation.
He did not understand the gravity of the situation.
Gravity also means seriousness: the gravity of the situation.
Remember: Gravity: what goes up must come down.
all people together; or kindness to others
मानवता, इंसानियत
Usage
The doctors treated the injured soldiers with humanity.
Climate change is a danger to all of humanity.
Common mistake
The humanities of the villagers helped the stranded tourists.
The kindness of the villagers helped the stranded tourists.
The humanities are subjects like history; use kindness or humanity.
Remember: Humanity: being humane to every human.
understood without being said directly
निहित, अंतर्निहित
Usage
There is an implicit rule that juniors greet seniors first.
Her silence was an implicit yes.
Common mistake
The rule was implicit: it was printed on the notice board.
The rule was explicit: it was printed on the notice board.
Explicit is clearly stated; implicit is only understood.
Remember: Implicit: implied, not spelled out.
to look at something carefully to check it
निरीक्षण करना, जाँचना
Usage
Officials inspect the railway bridge every monsoon.
The guard inspected our tickets at the gate.
Common mistake
The officer will inspect into the matter.
The officer will look into the matter.
Inspect takes no preposition; we inspect something.
Remember: Inspect: an inspector's careful look.
so important that the whole needs it
अभिन्न, अनिवार्य
Usage
Yoga is an integral part of my morning.
The spinners were integral to India's win.
Common mistake
Music is integral for Indian weddings.
Music is integral to Indian weddings.
We say integral to something, not integral for.
Remember: Integral: take it out and the whole breaks.
with a lot of work in a short time
गहन
Usage
She took a four-week intensive course in French.
The patient is in intensive care at AIIMS.
Common mistake
It was an intense course: five hours a day for two weeks.
It was an intensive course: five hours a day for two weeks.
A course with a lot of work packed in is intensive.
Remember: Intensive: a lot packed into a little time.