Universal Core Vocabulary · Episode 14
Pick the English-only version or the Hindi version (English lesson with Hindi meanings) above; the video keeps your place when you switch.
Below in teaching order, as in the video: related words sit side by side so you can compare them.
easily hurt, harmed or attacked
असुरक्षित, संवेदनशील
Usage
Old people are more vulnerable to the flu.
Coastal towns are vulnerable to cyclones.
Common mistake
Small children are vulnerable from infection.
Small children are vulnerable to infection.
We say vulnerable to something.
Remember: Vulnerable = easy to hurt.
careful because something may be dangerous
सावधान, सतर्क
Usage
Be wary of calls that ask for your bank PIN.
The dog gave the stranger a wary look.
Common mistake
I was weary of the stranger, so I kept away.
I was wary of the stranger, so I kept away.
Weary means tired; wary means careful.
Remember: Wary = beware.
to follow a rule or plan closely; to stick
पालन करना; चिपकना
Usage
All players must adhere to the rules.
We adhered to the timetable all week.
Common mistake
Please adhere the instructions on the paper.
Please adhere to the instructions on the paper.
Adhere always needs to: adhere to something.
Remember: Adhere = stick to it.
working together for a shared purpose
सहयोग
Usage
Thank you for your cooperation.
The fair was run in cooperation with local schools.
Common mistake
We must cooperation to finish on time.
We must cooperate to finish on time.
Cooperation is the noun; the verb is cooperate.
Remember: Cooperation = many hands together.
a business owned and run by its members; helpful
सहकारी समिति; सहयोगी
Usage
Amul began as a dairy cooperative in Gujarat.
The staff were cooperative and kind.
Common mistake
The farmers joined a cooperation to sell their milk.
The farmers joined a cooperative to sell their milk.
The member-owned business is a cooperative.
Remember: Cooperative = owned by all.
joined together with something else
के साथ जुड़ा हुआ, संयुक्त
Usage
Heavy rain coupled with strong wind closed the roads.
Talent coupled with hard work brings success.
Common mistake
Hard work coupled to luck helped him win.
Hard work coupled with luck helped him win.
For ideas, say coupled with.
Remember: Coupled = a pair, joined.
to say in public that something is wrong
निंदा करना
Usage
Leaders of all parties denounced the attack.
Gandhi denounced untouchability.
Common mistake
The minister denounced the new school proudly.
The minister announced the new school proudly.
Announce means tell news; denounce means condemn.
Remember: Denounce = call it out.
to say publicly that you support or approve
समर्थन करना, अनुमोदन करना
Usage
The board endorsed the new project.
Famous cricketers endorse many brands.
Common mistake
The board endorsed to the plan.
The board endorsed the plan.
Endorse takes a direct object, with no to.
Remember: Endorse = put your name behind it.
something that exists as a separate, single unit
इकाई, सत्ता
Usage
The two branches now work as separate legal entities.
A company is a legal entity.
Common mistake
The two firms work as separate entitys.
The two firms work as separate entities.
The plural of entity is entities.
Remember: Entity = one thing that stands alone.
stated clearly and fully, leaving no doubt
स्पष्ट
Usage
The teacher gave explicit instructions for the test.
The rules are explicit about late entry.
Common mistake
His meaning was explicit; we had to guess.
His meaning was implicit; we had to guess.
Explicit means said clearly; implicit means only suggested.
Remember: Explicit = spelled out.